The forest in Trentino, which covers about 55% of the whole provincial area, is among the most deep-rooted witnesses of a secular relationship between the mountain population and its territories. With 4.5% of the national surface area, Trentino produces 30% of the timber used by Italian companies in the wood trade. It is an important fact that demonstrates the consistency of the forest patrimony of Trentino but also evokes a secular tradition of care and forest protection, strongly rooted in the history of the local communities. Based on this background, the Triennale Internazionale del Legno was created with the collaboration of the Autonomous Province of Trento, the University of Trento, the Chamber of Commerce of Trento and the Museum of Uses and Customs of the Trentino People of San Michele all’Adige. It is an important step to highlight the crucial role that the forest-wood-energy supply chain represents for the Trentino economy.